Diagram of muscular system of a dog
chicken lab dissection notes
Skeletal and Muscular Systems (Inquiry and Research)
(1) What are the 5 major functions of the skeletal system?
Support is a major function which provides structural support for the entire body.
Protection is a major function as well. The ribs and sternum protect the heart and lungs, skull protects the brain.
Movement is through the muscles and bones where the skeletal muscle is attached to the bone so the muscle pulls on the bone when it contracts.
Blood cell production is a vital function. Red bone marrow will produce red blood cells, white blood cells and other elements of blood.
The last function is storing minerals.
(2) What is appositional growth and when does it occur most frequently in human beings? Interstitial growth?
Appositional growth is the process of bones growing thicker rather than longer. This growth occurs in height usually. Interstitial growth is when osofication turns cartilage into hard bone
(3) Explain how calcium levels are maintained in the blood and bone.
Osteocytes regulate homeostasis which maintains the calcium level of blood and bones. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts are two other bone cells that assist with the homeostasis of bones and blood.
(4) Explain why the shoulder joint and hip joints are more mobile than the finger joints.
The shoulder and hip joints are ball and socket joints which are movable joints. The finger joints are partly movable joints that are restricted in their range of motion. Therefore, hip and shoulder joints are more mobile than finger joints.
(5) What happens to muscles when a weight lifter becomes sedentary? Why?
Because the weight lifter will not be using his muscles as much as he previously had, they will start t deteriorate over time and shrink. This is because without regular usage of ones muscles, they will fade away quiet literally.
(6) Describe the sliding filament model.
The sliding filament model is the explenation of muscle contraction. The theory essentially describes how myosin filaments "walk" along actin filaments using energy from ATP.
(7) Describe the differences between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fiber
Slow twitch muscles take little energy and have lots of stamina, but they do not posses as much force as their counterparts, fast twitch muscles. Fast twitch muscles fire very quickly, but they tire easily. They take more energy, and more time to refuel.
Support is a major function which provides structural support for the entire body.
Protection is a major function as well. The ribs and sternum protect the heart and lungs, skull protects the brain.
Movement is through the muscles and bones where the skeletal muscle is attached to the bone so the muscle pulls on the bone when it contracts.
Blood cell production is a vital function. Red bone marrow will produce red blood cells, white blood cells and other elements of blood.
The last function is storing minerals.
(2) What is appositional growth and when does it occur most frequently in human beings? Interstitial growth?
Appositional growth is the process of bones growing thicker rather than longer. This growth occurs in height usually. Interstitial growth is when osofication turns cartilage into hard bone
(3) Explain how calcium levels are maintained in the blood and bone.
Osteocytes regulate homeostasis which maintains the calcium level of blood and bones. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts are two other bone cells that assist with the homeostasis of bones and blood.
(4) Explain why the shoulder joint and hip joints are more mobile than the finger joints.
The shoulder and hip joints are ball and socket joints which are movable joints. The finger joints are partly movable joints that are restricted in their range of motion. Therefore, hip and shoulder joints are more mobile than finger joints.
(5) What happens to muscles when a weight lifter becomes sedentary? Why?
Because the weight lifter will not be using his muscles as much as he previously had, they will start t deteriorate over time and shrink. This is because without regular usage of ones muscles, they will fade away quiet literally.
(6) Describe the sliding filament model.
The sliding filament model is the explenation of muscle contraction. The theory essentially describes how myosin filaments "walk" along actin filaments using energy from ATP.
(7) Describe the differences between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fiber
Slow twitch muscles take little energy and have lots of stamina, but they do not posses as much force as their counterparts, fast twitch muscles. Fast twitch muscles fire very quickly, but they tire easily. They take more energy, and more time to refuel.