skeletal, respiratory, and circulatory system drawing
Heart rate lab
inquiry and research of cardiovascular system and respiratory systems
(1) What conditions are being maintained by the cardiovascular system? Think in terms of homeostasis.
The cardiovascular system mainly consists of the heart and the blood cells. The cardiovascular system ensures that all of the organs and blood in the body are regulated. For example the lungs need blood and the heart pumps that necessary blood to the lungs, maintaining the lungs so they can function. This process is called homeostasis.
(2) Describe the similarities and differences in structure of arteries and veins. How does their structure make them fit for their purpose?
Arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body and that's why they are more muscular than the veins. Now veins pump blood into the heart so the structure isn't as muscular as the arteries.
(3) Describe the structure of capillaries and how each of the following substances are transported from blood to tissues: water, oxygen, sugars, proteins, leucocytes.
Capillary walls are only one cell thick and easily allow materials to diffuse across their membranes. Water can be diffused across the capillaries and into tissues. It is carried in the blood and if a tissue has allow fence traction of water, then the water will flow from the capillary to the lower concentration to achieve homeostasis. The same is true about all the other materials listed including oxygen, sugars, proteins, and leucocytes. These materials can get across the memrane of the capillary easily and go to the area that they are needed to go. Apart from oxygen, the other materials are free floating in the blood stream. Oxygen bonds onto red blood cells as the blood cells have iron in them which attracts oxygen.
(4) List and describe the four processes that can be described as respiration. Which one occurs entirely within cells?
1. Ventilation:
Moves air in and out of the lungs.
2. Pulmonary gas exchange:
Exchanges inhaled air and blood in lungs.
3. Gas transport:
Air leaves the lungs and transports to the heart.
4. Peripheral gas exchange
Causes carbon dioxide to diffuse in the opposite direction.
(4B): Peripheral gas exchange happens entirely within the cells of the body.
(5) Why can we hold our breath for only short periods of time?
The body needs oxygen to perform functions such as cellular respiration. Without oxygen, certain cells cannot survive, and die. The oxygen we take in through our lungs is used up, then a need for that oxygen is created. Without the oxygen our body's cells can die and literally destroy our organs, killing us. When the brain does not receive enough oxygen, it shuts down and within seconds can die, and killing the human as well.
The cardiovascular system mainly consists of the heart and the blood cells. The cardiovascular system ensures that all of the organs and blood in the body are regulated. For example the lungs need blood and the heart pumps that necessary blood to the lungs, maintaining the lungs so they can function. This process is called homeostasis.
(2) Describe the similarities and differences in structure of arteries and veins. How does their structure make them fit for their purpose?
Arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body and that's why they are more muscular than the veins. Now veins pump blood into the heart so the structure isn't as muscular as the arteries.
(3) Describe the structure of capillaries and how each of the following substances are transported from blood to tissues: water, oxygen, sugars, proteins, leucocytes.
Capillary walls are only one cell thick and easily allow materials to diffuse across their membranes. Water can be diffused across the capillaries and into tissues. It is carried in the blood and if a tissue has allow fence traction of water, then the water will flow from the capillary to the lower concentration to achieve homeostasis. The same is true about all the other materials listed including oxygen, sugars, proteins, and leucocytes. These materials can get across the memrane of the capillary easily and go to the area that they are needed to go. Apart from oxygen, the other materials are free floating in the blood stream. Oxygen bonds onto red blood cells as the blood cells have iron in them which attracts oxygen.
(4) List and describe the four processes that can be described as respiration. Which one occurs entirely within cells?
1. Ventilation:
Moves air in and out of the lungs.
2. Pulmonary gas exchange:
Exchanges inhaled air and blood in lungs.
3. Gas transport:
Air leaves the lungs and transports to the heart.
4. Peripheral gas exchange
Causes carbon dioxide to diffuse in the opposite direction.
(4B): Peripheral gas exchange happens entirely within the cells of the body.
(5) Why can we hold our breath for only short periods of time?
The body needs oxygen to perform functions such as cellular respiration. Without oxygen, certain cells cannot survive, and die. The oxygen we take in through our lungs is used up, then a need for that oxygen is created. Without the oxygen our body's cells can die and literally destroy our organs, killing us. When the brain does not receive enough oxygen, it shuts down and within seconds can die, and killing the human as well.